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Surah Al-A’raf Al-Rayyib Alhamdulillah Al-Rumbal Alameen Salat wa Salamu ala sharafeel anbiya wal mursaleen Muhammadur Rasoolulahi Sallallahu alayhi wa ala alihi wa sayyiduhu sallam tasleeman kathiran kathiran On the subject of repentance, Istighfar and Tawbah These are first of all two separate words Istighfar is to seek repentance, is to apologize, is to be sorry, express our regret, be contrite and Tawbah is to turn towards, to turn towards Allah swt So when we say Istighfar and Tawbah the understanding is that if you say any one of them alone the other one is automatically meant So if somebody says make Istighfar to Allah swt, that automatically means that also turn towards Allah And if somebody says make Tawbah it means make Istighfar But in terms of sequence Istighfar comes before Tawbah So we regret what we have done and then we change Our ulama have said that it is necessary to repent for every sin Alhamdulillah we know that Allah swt forgives minor sins Even when a person has not consciously made Tawbah, consciously made Istighfar For example when we make Udu, minor sins are forgiven between two Farsabad Minor sins are forgiven between two Umrahs, between two Jumas and so forth Minor sins are forgiven Alhamdulillah and we thank Allah swt for this But it is not for the slave to imagine and say that this is a minor sin I don’t have to seek forgiveness That would be arrogance, that would immediately make, saying that itself would make that, that would be a very major sin That is the sin of arrogance which Mela Marsi has, you know it is one of the things which are, unless Allah wishes to do that It is something which is not forgiven, so therefore it is the position of the slave Position of Abu Dhiyya, of the bondage to Allah swt that we repent from every sin If the offence involves the rights of Allah, not a human, then there are three conditions to be met In order that repentance is accepted by Allah swt The first one is to stop from committing the sin, the first thing to do is to stop doing it Very very important, if I say that I am, that something is wrong, then stop doing wrong For example, from the Hukuk Allah, the first and most important for the person who has taken Shahadah For the person who has entered Islam is to pray on time So if I am not praying or I am not praying on time, if I am being lazy about it and so on, so immediately stop doing that Second one is to stop, is to feel sorry for committing it, so in the heart And Allah knows what is in the heart, so genuine regret, genuine, be genuinely contrite, genuine regret for what we have done And the third one is a strong commitment, never to do it again, never to commit this sin again With strong resolve, this is I will never do it again Now if the repentance does not meet any of these three conditions, then it would not be a sound repentance In addition to that, what Sayyidina Ali, Radhe-i-Lahore and others have recommended is that you also give some charity So every time we make this istighfar, then give some charity as a sign of our sincerity If the sin involves a human’s right, which is from the Hukukul Ibad And remember this is, human is whether Muslim or not, doesn’t matter If you have violated anybody’s right, then it is that person’s right that it should be repaired So if the sin involves the human’s right, somebody’s right has been violated, it requires a fourth condition So the three conditions to stop doing it, to feel sorry for it and never to do it again, these three are there In addition to that, to absolve oneself from such a right, which is if it’s a property, he should return it to a rightful owner If it is slandering or backbiting, one should go and ask the person the pardon and the forgiveness of the person who one spoke against Who was, you know, who backbitten and so forth So making amends, this is very important The Sahaba asked the Vishwasala, they said if we have done something like this and the person has died and we don’t know where to find them Or something, he said, then give a lot of sadaqah on their behalf and keep seeking forgiveness of Allah SWT for them and for yourself So one should also repent from all sins If he repents from some, his repentance would still be sound according to the people of knowledge, however he should repent from the rest Scriptural proofs from the kitab and sunnah and the consensus of scholars, this is very very important to understand For example, Allah SWT warned us and he told us Allah SWT said turn towards Allah SWT all of you believers All the believers, those who are believers, includes men, includes women So that you might be successful In another place, Allah said O anistaghfiru rabbakum summa tubu ilayh Allah said and turn in istighfar towards Allah SWT, seek repentance, seek his forgiveness and turn towards Allah So this is where as I said, also in another place Allah SWT mentioned this in the Quran, istighfar before towa But as I mentioned, if the two words are, if either of the words is used by itself, then the other one is implied And the third place where Allah SWT warned us and commanded us to make istighfar is He said Ya ayyuhal ladheena amanu tubu ila Allahi tawbatan nasuha Allah said all you who believe, turn towards Allah SWT in sincere repentance Abu Hurra reported, he said I heard Qasud Allah SAW saying by Allah The Prophet SAW speaking and taking an oath by Allah He said by Allah I seek Allah’s forgiveness and repent to him more than 70 times a day So istighfar and towa, the Prophet SAW said I do it more than 70 times a day I imagine the one who is masoom, who has never committed any sins and whose sins in any case whatever he committed he may have done or not done It wouldn’t be a sin in the way that we do since but you know for those who are of high status Conditions are different So whatever that be Allah SWT said Rasul Allah SAW said I seek forgiveness more than 70 times So in the commentary it says, it is an inducement for seeking pardon and forgiveness Rasul SAW who has passed and future sins were forgiven asked Allah SWT’s forgiveness and how about us We who commit sins on a regular basis how can we not seek Allah SWT’s pardon and forgiveness Sincere and ceaseless istighfar is essential so that sins committed by us unintentionally are also forgiven So this above hadith lays great emphasis on seeking pardon Al Aghar bin Yasir al Muzani narrated that Rasul SAW said turn you people in dependence to Allah and beg pardon of him I turn to him in dependence a hundred times a day So the first hadith says in Bukhari, the second one is in Muslim Sharif Another hadith, Anas bin Malik, Kalan Sali, he was the khadim of Rasul SAW And he said that Rasul SAW said verily Allah is more delighted with the repentance of his slave Than a person who lost his camel in a desert land and then finds it unexpectedly And this is in Bukhari and Muslim imagine the imagery of this A person who lost his camel if a person is in the desert and this person suddenly finds that He is minus his camel imagine what kind of terrible situation that person would be in But despite that and then suddenly he finds the camel So he is in this state where normally it would be like a death sentence You are just stuck in the desert you can’t do anything you can’t say there is no water nothing And suddenly the person has no camel and suddenly he finds the camel Imagine how delighted he is And Rasul SAW gives this imagery and says that this is how Allah SWT loves And this is how Allah SWT is happy when his slave seeks his pardon Which means Allah will forgive inshallah In another version in Muslim Sharif he said Muhammad bin Malik said verily Allah is more pleased with the repentance As Rasul SAW said he is quoting the meaning of which is verily Allah is more pleased With the repentance of his slave than a person who has his camel in a waterless desert And he is carrying his provision of food and drink and it is lost So this person having lost all hope to get it back lies down in the shade of a tree And is disappointed about his camel and he just goes to sleep He is like giving himself up for death when all of a sudden he finds that camel standing before him So he takes hold of his reins and then out of boundless joy he blurs out And in extreme joy he is kind of flipped So he says oh Allah you are my slave and I am your slave So he commits this mistake out of extreme joy And he says that Allah SWT is as pleased as that when a person turns to Allah SWT His hadith also deals with the inducement and the merit of repentance and pardon of sins Allah SWT is very pleased with repentance One will not have to account for a mistake made without any purpose and intention So this is important to understand If it is just a mistake, there was no purpose, no intention, it just happened Then inshallah this doesn’t come under a sin It’s not called a sin and it makes you seek forgiveness anyway But the point is that this is inshallah not punishable Also we learn that it is permissible to take an oath to stress on one’s pardon So the Prophet said by Allah I seek pardon So this kind of an oath is permissible And one can quote an instance for the purpose of understanding elaboration Like this story of this man and the camel Now Musa Al-Ashari reported that the Prophet said Allah SWT will continue to stretch out his hand in the night So that the sinners of the day may repent and continue to stretch out his hand in the daytime So that the sinners of the night may repent until the sun rises from the west And this is in Muslim Sharif And this hadith confirms first of all an essential attribute of Allah That is the hand which is stretched out anytime he wishes Without drawing similarity to it or interpreting it in our sets Such was the attitude of our Salafi Salihin With regard to all the essential attributes of Allah It is deduced from this hadith that if one commits a sin during any hour of the day or the night He should immediately seek the forgiveness of Allah SWT We ask Allah SWT to forgive us And to enable us to seek forgiveness And to forgive us when we say forgiveness And to forgive us even where we may have forgotten We ask Allah to forgive us all the time And may Allah bless the Prophet and his family And may Allah bless the Prophet and his family
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